One article in the Wikipedia looked quite intriguing to me since it was talking about different perspectives on mind/brain from Neurological or Psychiatric standpoints. It would not be too much to mention if I said that frame of reference or way of thinking in doings things we do normally in our daily lives or saying and expressing things we try to let others know, is usually unknown, hidden and not noticed until conscious awareness reveals its entity to the public sight. However, having so many practical professionals or researchers on human mind or human body system, we tend to avoid question such as "What is Mind" or "What is Life" and so forth.
Thus the article "Causal pluralism" got my attention. Neurology traditionally looks at the causes of (mental) disorders from an 'inside-the-skin' perspective, Neuropathology from 'genetics' perspective, whereas Psychiatry looks at 'outside-the-skin' causation, which includes personal, interpersonal, cultural factor that influences one's mental well-being. This outside-the-skin approach seems to be promising in showing how our complicated, profound web of meaning of a Life affects our body physiology through the brain and nervous system to the extent the owner of the brain feels that he or she could not handle the external stressor any longer.
Nevertheless nobody actually has done so; nobody actually showed how 'outside-the-skin' strategy reveals the mechanism of how the mental process grasps information from the outside and then interprets that into biochemical substrates following protein expression after genetic decoding and so forth.
If you translate the above-mentioned phenomenon into other form, you would understand the statement I made here. How this invisible non-materialistic chunk of information actually does have effect on the human brain and then creates the illusion that we call Mind? Is it solely, purely the subject of neuroinformatics or neural circuit engineering? If so, why those subjects do not seem to be in compatible with, let us say, Literature or Fine Arts? Do we need Super-Super computer that emulates human mind, emotion and those kinds?
Eastern tradition or even the primitive root of the Western tradition has already answered the question but we all just dismissed it. Vital force, be it of its existence or be it the notion of that, had long been known to people throughout generations up until a few hundred years ago. Naturopathic herbal remedies with some additional work by miracles or divine intervention were enough for curing and caring diseases, not even to mention there were not enough medical intervention available back then.
Pneuma, Vis Vitae, Qi, Ki, are the same vital force or bioenergy in definition or in characters, however, this bioenergy once played a major role and still does in contemporary Japan, in understanding human relations and concomitant stressful life situations, then psycho-emotional experience in one's mind, appetite loss, headache, e.t.c. Lack of the energy or stagnation, blockage of its flow, is believed to cause some problems in our mind-body system that would later be manifested as apparent symptoms if not treated appropriately and immediately once the potential etiology is doubted.
As it is energy, it can penetrate the skin easily like other energy of radiation does. There are so many healers nowadays, Qi-Gong, Reiki, Therapeutic Touch, Hands Healing, Royal Touch, e.t.c., however, I am now quite sure that they all talk about the same bioenergy. When you are full of aggression, it could make somebody else or yourself SICK with the aid of activated but unbalanced Autonomic Nervous system and its counter-part Endocrine system.
The reason why I mentioned the notion of the bioenergy still plays a role in Japan is that we DO have the expression of "Kuki ga yome nai." (Literally, "He can't read the air", "He can't get it" to be exact, impling the person is too dull to sense the sutble pressure, suggestion or signs sent by others, which usually is conveyed through this bioenegy Ki.) About myself, I can't get the energy sutble enough as requested since I always try to verbalize things like this and express it. (Sensed information need not to be let out). You guys should not do that that much if you dream of coming and living in Japan !
Reference
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuropsychiatry